异常处理
本文根据官网示例说明Quartz在job执行异常情况时的处理。
参考官方原文:http://www.quartz-scheduler.org/documentation/quartz-2.2.x/examples/Example6.html
本文涉及3个类:BadJob1.java、BadJob2.java 和一个调度类 JobExceptionExample.java
BadJob1.java
package com.anson.examples.example6; import org.quartz.*; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; @PersistJobDataAfterExecution @DisallowConcurrentExecution public class BadJob1 implements Job { public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException { SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); JobKey jobKey = context.getJobDetail().getKey(); JobDataMap dataMap = context.getJobDetail().getJobDataMap(); int flag = dataMap.getInt("flag"); System.out.println("---" + jobKey + ",执行时间:" + dateFormat.format(new Date()) + ", flag: " + flag); // 由于零错误除以此作业将生成的异常的例外(仅在第一次运行) try { int result = 4815 / flag; } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("--- Job1 出错!"); // 修复分母,所以下次这个作业运行它不会再失败 JobExecutionException e2 = new JobExecutionException(e); dataMap.put("flag", "1"); // 这个工作会立即重新启动 e2.setRefireImmediately(true); throw e2; } System.out.println("---" + jobKey + ",完成时间:" + dateFormat.format(new Date())); } }
BadJob2.java
package com.anson.examples.example6; import org.quartz.*; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; @PersistJobDataAfterExecution @DisallowConcurrentExecution public class BadJob2 implements Job { public void execute(JobExecutionContext context) throws JobExecutionException { SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); JobKey jobKey = context.getJobDetail().getKey(); System.out.println("---" + jobKey + " ,执行时间:" + dateFormat.format(new Date())); try { int result = 4815 / 0; } catch (Exception e) { System.out.println("--- job2 出错!"); // Quartz将自动取消与此作业相关联的所有触发器,以使其不再运行 JobExecutionException e2 = new JobExecutionException(e); e2.setUnscheduleAllTriggers(true); throw e2; } System.out.println("---" + jobKey + ",完成时间:" + dateFormat.format(new Date())); } }
JobExceptionExample.java
package com.anson.examples.example6; import org.quartz.*; import org.quartz.impl.StdSchedulerFactory; import org.slf4j.Logger; import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory; import java.text.SimpleDateFormat; import java.util.Date; import static org.quartz.DateBuilder.nextGivenSecondDate; import static org.quartz.JobBuilder.newJob; import static org.quartz.SimpleScheduleBuilder.simpleSchedule; import static org.quartz.TriggerBuilder.newTrigger; /** * 演示 Quartz 如何处理 从job中抛出的 JobExecutionExceptions */ public class JobExceptionExample { public void run() throws Exception { // 任务执行的时间 格式化 SimpleDateFormat dateFormat = new SimpleDateFormat("yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"); SchedulerFactory sf = new StdSchedulerFactory(); Scheduler sched = sf.getScheduler(); System.out.println("--------------- 初始化 -------------------"); // 下一个15秒 Date startTime = nextGivenSecondDate(null, 15); // badJob1 每10s执行一次 , 抛出异常,并立即重新执行 JobDetail job = newJob(BadJob1.class) .withIdentity("badJob1", "group1") .usingJobData("flag", "0") .build(); SimpleTrigger trigger = newTrigger() .withIdentity("trigger1", "group1") .startAt(startTime) .withSchedule(simpleSchedule() .withIntervalInSeconds(10).repeatForever()) .build(); Date ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger); System.out.println(job.getKey().getName() + " 将在: " + dateFormat.format(ft) + " 时运行.并且重复: "+ trigger.getRepeatCount() + " 次, 每次间隔 " + trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " 秒"); // badJob2 每5秒执行一次 , 并且 会抛出异常,然后 不再执行 job = newJob(BadJob2.class). withIdentity("badJob2", "group1"). build(); trigger = newTrigger(). withIdentity("trigger2", "group1") .startAt(startTime) .withSchedule(simpleSchedule() .withIntervalInSeconds(5).repeatForever()) .build(); ft = sched.scheduleJob(job, trigger); System.out.println(job.getKey().getName() + " 将在: " + dateFormat.format(ft) + " 时运行.并且重复: " + trigger.getRepeatCount() + " 次, 每次间隔 " + trigger.getRepeatInterval() / 1000 + " 秒"); sched.start(); System.out.println("------- 开始调度 (调用.start()方法) ----------------"); try { // 睡眠 30s Thread.sleep(60L * 1000L); } catch (Exception e) { } sched.shutdown(false); // 显示一下 已经执行的任务信息 SchedulerMetaData metaData = sched.getMetaData(); System.out.println("~~~~~~~~~~ 执行了 " + metaData.getNumberOfJobsExecuted() + " 个 jobs."); } public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception { JobExceptionExample example = new JobExceptionExample(); example.run(); } }
执行结果
--------------- 初始化 ------------------- badJob1 将在: 2017-09-11 18:41:30 时运行.并且重复: -1 次, 每次间隔 10 秒 badJob2 将在: 2017-09-11 18:41:30 时运行.并且重复: -1 次, 每次间隔 5 秒 [INFO] 11 九月 06:41:20.623 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler MyScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED started. ------- 开始调度 (调用.start()方法) ---------------- ---group1.badJob1,执行时间:2017-09-11 18:41:30, flag: 0 --- Job1 出错! ---group1.badJob2 ,执行时间:2017-09-11 18:41:30 --- job2 出错! [INFO] 11 九月 06:41:30.009 下午 MyScheduler_Worker-1 [org.quartz.core.JobRunShell] Job group1.badJob1 threw a JobExecutionException: org.quartz.JobExecutionException: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero [See nested exception: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero] at com.anson.examples.example6.BadJob1.execute(BadJob1.java:29) at org.quartz.core.JobRunShell.run(JobRunShell.java:202) at org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool$WorkerThread.run(SimpleThreadPool.java:573) Caused by: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero at com.anson.examples.example6.BadJob1.execute(BadJob1.java:23) ... 2 more [INFO] 11 九月 06:41:30.009 下午 MyScheduler_Worker-2 [org.quartz.core.JobRunShell] Job group1.badJob2 threw a JobExecutionException: org.quartz.JobExecutionException: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero [See nested exception: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero] at com.anson.examples.example6.BadJob2.execute(BadJob2.java:25) at org.quartz.core.JobRunShell.run(JobRunShell.java:202) at org.quartz.simpl.SimpleThreadPool$WorkerThread.run(SimpleThreadPool.java:573) Caused by: java.lang.ArithmeticException: / by zero at com.anson.examples.example6.BadJob2.execute(BadJob2.java:19) ... 2 more ---group1.badJob1,执行时间:2017-09-11 18:41:30, flag: 1 ---group1.badJob1,完成时间:2017-09-11 18:41:30 ---group1.badJob1,执行时间:2017-09-11 18:41:40, flag: 1 ---group1.badJob1,完成时间:2017-09-11 18:41:40 ---group1.badJob1,执行时间:2017-09-11 18:41:50, flag: 1 ---group1.badJob1,完成时间:2017-09-11 18:41:50 ---group1.badJob1,执行时间:2017-09-11 18:42:00, flag: 1 ---group1.badJob1,完成时间:2017-09-11 18:42:00 ---group1.badJob1,执行时间:2017-09-11 18:42:10, flag: 1 ---group1.badJob1,完成时间:2017-09-11 18:42:10 ---group1.badJob1,执行时间:2017-09-11 18:42:20, flag: 1 ---group1.badJob1,完成时间:2017-09-11 18:42:20 [INFO] 11 九月 06:42:20.626 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler MyScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutting down. [INFO] 11 九月 06:42:20.626 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler MyScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED paused. [INFO] 11 九月 06:42:20.626 下午 main [org.quartz.core.QuartzScheduler] Scheduler MyScheduler_$_NON_CLUSTERED shutdown complete. ~~~~~~~~~~ 执行了 8 个 jobs.
说明:
job1:在抛出异常后,然后将flag设置成1,也就是说只有第一次会有异常抛出,以后都正常代码
setRefireImmediately(true);它设置了 job 类抛出异常后的处理方式,此处意为发生异常后立即重新执行
job2:和job1不同,它没有判断,执行一次就抛出一次异常
e2.setUnscheduleAllTriggers(true);设置了去掉它的触发器,也就意味着 BadJob2 如果发生异常,就没有机会再执行了
作业
在 job1.java 和 job2.java 中的异常如果不抛出(注释掉),会有什么结果发生呢?
job1如果不抛出:执行正常,因为在异常处理中有重启job语句
job2如果不抛出:任务每次都执行,每次都进入异常。相当于后续的任务没有停止。