在Ubuntu Intrepid Ibex上安装和配置OpenLDAP
1初步说明
使用Ubuntu 8.10 Intrepid Ibex， OpenLDAP的使用和配置方式已更改。 在Intrepid中，OpenLDAP不再通过slapd.conf文件配置，而是通过包含ldif文件的slapd.d目录来配置OpenLDAP。
请注意，如果您需要添加应用程序特定的shema或其他，请遵循应用程序或其他人提供的安装指南。 这样只能提供如何使用旧样式slapd.conf方式配置OpenLDAP的方法。
2安装OpenLDAP
安装OpenLDAP很简单：
apt-get install slapd ldap-utils
出现提示时，输入您要用于OpenLDAP管理员帐户的密码。
如果你不想配置其他任何东西，你就开始运行了。 然而，大多数应用程序和脚本需要加载特定的模式或者要进行其他配置。
3配置OpenLDAP
那么现在我们怎么做呢？ 没有什么比较容易。
您可以使用下面的默认slapd.conf作为起点，因为该包不再提供slapd.conf 。
示例slapd.conf文件：
# This is the main slapd configuration file. See slapd.conf for more
# info on the configuration options.
#######################################################################
# Global Directives:
# Features to permit
# allow bind_v2
# Schema and objectClass definitions
include /etc/ldap/schema/core.schema
include /etc/ldap/schema/cosine.schema
include /etc/ldap/schema/nis.schema
include /etc/ldap/schema/inetorgperson.schema
# Where the pid file is put. The init.d script
# will not stop the server if you change this.
pidfile /var/run/slapd/slapd.pid
# List of arguments that were passed to the server
argsfile /var/run/slapd/slapd.args
# Read slapd.conf(5) for possible values
loglevel none
# Where the dynamically loaded modules are stored
modulepath /usr/lib/ldap
moduleload back_hdb
# The maximum number of entries that is returned for a search operation
sizelimit 500
# The tool-threads parameter sets the actual amount of cpu's that is used
# for indexing.
tool-threads 1
#######################################################################
# Specific Backend Directives for hdb:
# Backend specific directives apply to this backend until another
# 'backend' directive occurs
backend hdb
#######################################################################
# Specific Backend Directives for 'other':
# Backend specific directives apply to this backend until another
# 'backend' directive occurs
#backend <other>
database config
#######################################################################
# Specific Directives for database #1, of type hdb:
# Database specific directives apply to this databasse until another
# 'database' directive occurs
database hdb
# The base of your directory in database #1
suffix "dc=yourdomain,dc=tld"
# rootdn directive for specifying a superuser on the database. This is needed
# for syncrepl.
rootdn "cn=admin,cn=config"
# Where the database file are physically stored for database #1
directory "/var/lib/ldap"
# The dbconfig settings are used to generate a DB_CONFIG file the first
# time slapd starts. They do NOT override existing an existing DB_CONFIG
# file. You should therefore change these settings in DB_CONFIG directly
# or remove DB_CONFIG and restart slapd for changes to take effect.
# For the Debian package we use 2MB as default but be sure to update this
# value if you have plenty of RAM
dbconfig set_cachesize 0 2097152 0
# Sven Hartge reported that he had to set this value incredibly high
# to get slapd running at all. See http://bugs.debian.org/303057 for more
# information.
# Number of objects that can be locked at the same time.
dbconfig set_lk_max_objects 1500
# Number of locks (both requested and granted)
dbconfig set_lk_max_locks 1500
# Number of lockers
dbconfig set_lk_max_lockers 1500
# Indexing options for database #1
index objectClass eq
# Save the time that the entry gets modified, for database #1
lastmod on
# Checkpoint the BerkeleyDB database periodically in case of system
# failure and to speed slapd shutdown.
checkpoint 512 30
# Where to store the replica logs for database #1
# replogfile /var/lib/ldap/replog
# The userPassword by default can be changed
# by the entry owning it if they are authenticated.
# Others should not be able to see it, except the
# admin entry below
# These access lines apply to database #1 only
# acl specific for phamm
access to attrs=userPassword,shadowLastChange
by dn="cn=admin,dc=webhabitat,dc=be" write
by anonymous auth
by self write
by * none
access to *
by dn="cn=admin,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
by * read
access to dn.base="" by * read
# For Netscape Roaming support, each user gets a roaming
# profile for which they have write access to
#access to dn=".*,ou=Roaming,o=morsnet"
# by dn="cn=admin,dc=yourdomain,dc=tld" write
# by dnattr=owner write
#######################################################################
# Specific Directives for database #2, of type 'other' (can be hdb too):
# Database specific directives apply to this databasse until another
# 'database' directive occurs
#database <other>
# The base of your directory for database #2
#suffix "dc=debian,dc=org"
将dc = yourdomain.dc = tld更改为OpenLDAP安装时使用的域名。
根据您的需要修改slapd.conf文件。
接下来我们将更新OpenLDAP的配置。
/etc/init.d/slapd stop
备份当前的slapd.d目录。
更改为ldap目录：
cd /etc/ldap
将旧slapd.d移动到备份位置：
mv slapd.d slapd.d.bck
现在我们将创建slapd.d目录并从slapd.conf文件加载配置。
mkdir slapd.d
slaptest -f slapd.conf -F slapd.d
您应该看到： 配置文件测试成功 。
接下来我们将slapd.d目录的所有权设置为openldap 。
chown -R openldap:openldap slapd.d
现在我们可以重新启动OpenLDAP。
/etc/init.d/slapd start
如果您没有看到任何错误，OpenLDAP将启动并运行新的配置。
每次更改slapd.conf文件时，您可以重复这些步骤，以加载新的OpenLDAP配置。
在任何情况下，都有一个好主意，具有slapd.conf文件，因为某些脚本和应用程序会查看该文件以检查OpenLDAP配置，而不管现在如何使用slapd.d目录配置OpenLDAP。
4.如果从Ubuntu 8.04升级
如果您在升级到Ubuntu 8.10之前运行OpenLDAP，请在尝试升级之前对slapd.conf进行以下更改：
将根dn设置为：
rootdn "cn=admin,cn=config"
广告添加： 数据库配置
之前：
####################################################################### # Specific Directives for database #1, of type hdb:
所以看起来像：
database config ####################################################################### # Specific Directives for database #1, of type hdb:
在我知道之前，我有幸升级到8.10。
