如何使用Unicorn和Nginx在CentOS 6.5上部署Rails应用程序

介绍

词汇表

Web应用程序部署，服务器及其角色

1. Unicorn应用服务器
2. Nginx HTTP服务器作为前端反向代理运行

2.准备部署服务器

1. 更新和准备操作系统
2. 设置Ruby环境和Rails
3. 安装Nginx
4. 安装Unicorn

3.准备用于部署的Rails应用程序

1. 创建示例应用程序
2. 上传您的源代码

4.配置服务器

1. Unicorn
2. Nginx
3. 管理服务器

5.进一步阅读

Web应用程序部署，服务器及其角色

Unicorn应用服务器

Nginx HTTP服务器作为前端反向代理运行

准备部署服务器

• 更新操作系统
• 获取部署所需的基本工具
• 安装Ruby，Rails和库
• 安装应用程序（即Unicorn）和HTTP服务器（Nginx）

更新和准备操作系统

yum -y update

# This command will update all the base applications
# that come with CentOS by default. Which are mostly
# reserved for use by the operating system. 

yum groupinstall -y 'development tools'

# With more recent versions of CentOS, such as 6.5 in our case,
# you can simply run:
# yum groupinstall -y development
# instead.

# This bundle of applications contains various tools
# Such as: gcc, make, automake, binutils, git etc.

# Enable EPEL Repository
sudo su -c 'rpm -Uvh http://dl.fedoraproject.org/pub/epel/6/x86_64/epel-release-6-8.noarch.rpm'

# Update everything, once more.
yum -y update

yum install -y curl-devel nano sqlite-devel libyaml-devel

设置Ruby环境和Rails

gpg --keyserver hkp://keys.gnupg.net --recv-keys D39DC0E3
\curl -sSL https://get.rvm.io | bash -s stable
source /etc/profile.d/rvm.sh

rvm reload
rvm install 2.1.0

yum install -y nodejs

gem install bundler rails

安装Nginx

yum install -y nginx

安装Unicorn

gem install unicorn

准备Rails应用程序以进行部署

创建示例应用程序

# Create a sample Rails application
cd  /var
mkdir www
cd www
rails new my_app

# Enter the application directory
cd my_app

# Create a sample resource
rails generate scaffold Task title:string note:text

# Create a sample database
RAILS_ENV=development rake db:migrate
RAILS_ENV=production  rake db:migrate

# Create a directory to hold the PID files
mkdir pids    

# Enter the application directory
cd /var/www/my_app

# Run a simple server
rails s

# You should now be able to access it by
# visiting: http://[your droplet's IP]:3000/tasks

# In order to terminate the server process,
# Press CTRL+C

上传您的源代码

• 要了解与SFTP工作，请查看文章： 如何使用SFTP 。
• 要了解FileZilla中，请查看文章的主题： 如何使用FileZilla中 。

配置服务器

Unicorn

nano config/unicorn.rb

# Set the working application directory
# working_directory "/path/to/your/app"
working_directory "/var/www/my_app"

# Unicorn PID file location
# pid "/path/to/pids/unicorn.pid"
pid "/var/www/my_app/pids/unicorn.pid"

# Path to logs
# stderr_path "/path/to/log/unicorn.log"
# stdout_path "/path/to/log/unicorn.log"
stderr_path "/var/www/my_app/log/unicorn.log"
stdout_path "/var/www/my_app/log/unicorn.log"

# Unicorn socket
listen "/tmp/unicorn.[app name].sock"
listen "/tmp/unicorn.myapp.sock"

# Number of processes
# worker_processes 4
worker_processes 2

# Time-out
timeout 30

Nginx

nano /etc/nginx/conf.d/default.conf

upstream app {
    # Path to Unicorn SOCK file, as defined previously
    server unix:/tmp/unicorn.myapp.sock fail_timeout=0;
}

server {


    listen 80;
    server_name localhost;

    # Application root, as defined previously
    root /root/my_app/public;

    try_files $uri/index.html $uri @app;

    location @app {
        proxy_set_header X-Forwarded-For $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
        proxy_set_header Host $http_host;
        proxy_redirect off;
        proxy_pass http://app;
    }

    error_page 500 502 503 504 /500.html;
    client_max_body_size 4G;
    keepalive_timeout 10;
}  

管理服务器

# Make sure that you are inside the application directory
# i.e. /my_app
unicorn_rails -c config/unicorn.rb -D

# You can set the environment by chaining -E flag
# i.e. unicorn_rails .. .. .. -E [env. name]

service nginx restart

http://[Your droplet's IP addr]/tasks

# Listing tasks

# Title    Note 

# New Task

深入阅读

防火墙：

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监视和监视服务器访问日志每日：

优化Unicorn工人：