使用HttpClient 发送 GET、POST、PUT、Delete请求及文件上传
本文示例是在 httpclient4.3.6 下进行的测试。
import java.io.File;
import java.io.IOException;
import java.io.UnsupportedEncodingException;
import java.nio.charset.Charset;
import java.util.ArrayList;
import java.util.List;
import java.util.Map;
import java.util.Set;
import org.apache.http.HttpEntity;
import org.apache.http.NameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.client.entity.UrlEncodedFormEntity;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.CloseableHttpResponse;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpDelete;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpGet;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPost;
import org.apache.http.client.methods.HttpPut;
import org.apache.http.entity.ContentType;
import org.apache.http.entity.StringEntity;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.HttpMultipartMode;
import org.apache.http.entity.mime.MultipartEntityBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.CloseableHttpClient;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClientBuilder;
import org.apache.http.impl.client.HttpClients;
import org.apache.http.message.BasicNameValuePair;
import org.apache.http.util.EntityUtils;
import org.caeit.cloud.dev.entity.HttpResponse;
public class HttpClientUtil {
/**
* 发送http get请求
*/
public static HttpResponse httpGet(String url,Map<String,String> headers,String encode){
HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
if(encode == null){
encode = "utf-8";
}
String content = null;
//since 4.3 不再使用 DefaultHttpClient
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpGet httpGet = new HttpGet(url);
//设置header
if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpGet.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpGet);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);
response.setBody(content);
response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
httpResponse.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try { //关闭连接、释放资源
closeableHttpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
/**
* 发送 http post 请求，参数以form表单键值对的形式提交。
*/
public static HttpResponse httpPostForm(String url,Map<String,String> params, Map<String,String> headers,String encode){
HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
if(encode == null){
encode = "utf-8";
}
//HttpClients.createDefault()等价于 HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);
//设置header
if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpost.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
//组织请求参数
List<NameValuePair> paramList = new ArrayList <NameValuePair>();
if(params != null && params.size() > 0){
Set<String> keySet = params.keySet();
for(String key : keySet) {
paramList.add(new BasicNameValuePair(key, params.get(key)));
}
}
try {
httpost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(paramList, encode));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
e1.printStackTrace();
}
String content = null;
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpost);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);
response.setBody(content);
response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
httpResponse.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try { //关闭连接、释放资源
closeableHttpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
/**
* 发送 http post 请求，参数以原生字符串进行提交
* @param url
* @param encode
* @return
*/
public static HttpResponse httpPostRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map<String,String> headers, String encode){
HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
if(encode == null){
encode = "utf-8";
}
//HttpClients.createDefault()等价于 HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);
//设置header
httpost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpost.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
//组织请求参数
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(stringJson, encode);
httpost.setEntity(stringEntity);
String content = null;
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
//响应信息
httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpost);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);
response.setBody(content);
response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
httpResponse.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try { //关闭连接、释放资源
closeableHttpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
/**
* 发送 http put 请求，参数以原生字符串进行提交
* @param url
* @param encode
* @return
*/
public static HttpResponse httpPutRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map<String,String> headers, String encode){
HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
if(encode == null){
encode = "utf-8";
}
//HttpClients.createDefault()等价于 HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPut httpput = new HttpPut(url);
//设置header
httpput.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");
if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpput.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
//组织请求参数
StringEntity stringEntity = new StringEntity(stringJson, encode);
httpput.setEntity(stringEntity);
String content = null;
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
//响应信息
httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpput);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);
response.setBody(content);
response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
httpResponse.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try {
closeableHttpClient.close(); //关闭连接、释放资源
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
/**
* 发送http delete请求
*/
public static HttpResponse httpDelete(String url,Map<String,String> headers,String encode){
HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
if(encode == null){
encode = "utf-8";
}
String content = null;
//since 4.3 不再使用 DefaultHttpClient
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClientBuilder.create().build();
HttpDelete httpdelete = new HttpDelete(url);
//设置header
if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpdelete.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpdelete);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);
response.setBody(content);
response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
httpResponse.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try { //关闭连接、释放资源
closeableHttpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
/**
* 发送 http post 请求，支持文件上传
*/
public static HttpResponse httpPostFormMultipart(String url,Map<String,String> params, List<File> files,Map<String,String> headers,String encode){
HttpResponse response = new HttpResponse();
if(encode == null){
encode = "utf-8";
}
CloseableHttpClient closeableHttpClient = HttpClients.createDefault();
HttpPost httpost = new HttpPost(url);
//设置header
if (headers != null && headers.size() > 0) {
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headers.entrySet()) {
httpost.setHeader(entry.getKey(),entry.getValue());
}
}
MultipartEntityBuilder mEntityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
mEntityBuilder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
mEntityBuilder.setCharset(Charset.forName(encode));
// 普通参数
ContentType contentType = ContentType.create("text/plain",Charset.forName(encode));//解决中文乱码
if (params != null && params.size() > 0) {
Set<String> keySet = params.keySet();
for (String key : keySet) {
mEntityBuilder.addTextBody(key, params.get(key),contentType);
}
}
//二进制参数
if (files != null && files.size() > 0) {
for (File file : files) {
mEntityBuilder.addBinaryBody("file", file);
}
}
httpost.setEntity(mEntityBuilder.build());
String content = null;
CloseableHttpResponse httpResponse = null;
try {
httpResponse = closeableHttpClient.execute(httpost);
HttpEntity entity = httpResponse.getEntity();
content = EntityUtils.toString(entity, encode);
response.setBody(content);
response.setHeaders(httpResponse.getAllHeaders());
response.setReasonPhrase(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getReasonPhrase());
response.setStatusCode(httpResponse.getStatusLine().getStatusCode());
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}finally{
try {
httpResponse.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
try { //关闭连接、释放资源
closeableHttpClient.close();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return response;
}
}
发送Get请求：
HttpResponse httpGet(String url,Map<String,String> headers,String encode)
发送Post请求，同表单Post提交
HttpResponse httpPostForm(String url,Map<String,String> params, Map<String,String> headers,String encode)
发送Post Raw请求
HttpResponse httpPostRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map<String,String> headers, String encode)
发送Put Raw请求
HttpResponse httpPutRaw(String url,String stringJson,Map<String,String> headers, String encode)
发送Delete请求
HttpResponse httpDelete(String url,Map<String,String> headers,String encode)
说明：
since 4.3 不再使用
DefaultHttpClientUrlEncodedFormEntity与StringEntity区别UrlEncodedFormEntity()：形式比较单一，只能是普通的键值对，局限性相对较大。而
StringEntity()：形式比较自由，只要是字符串放进去，不论格式都可以。以raw方式发送请求时，需指定
Content type：httpost.setHeader("Content-type", "application/json");否则默认使用Content type 'text/plain;charset=UTF-8'
