如何为CentOS / Fedora / RedHat（RHEL）创建Kickstart文件
为IT支持公司工作意味着我经常在服务器和台式机上安装CentOS，Fedora和Redhat。 本指南将介绍如何自动化安装过程并安装附加软件后安装脚本，以下CentOS Kickstart教程也可在我的博客上。
首先，如果您以前从未见过kickstart文件，并且在系统上安装了Redhat Linux的风格，请查看/ root目录，您应该看到一个名为“anaconda-ks.cfg”的文件，打开它，您将请参阅在kickstart文件中安装过程中输入的参数。 这是通过示例了解的好方法（提供您可以记住您在启动时选择的选项）。
下面我将给出一个kickstart文件的例子，我在安装了一些安装了VMWare播放器的Fedora笔记本电脑和通过wget拉入的几个虚拟机映像时，使用了一个kickstart文件。 我选择使用一个kickstart安装，使用诸如Symantec Ghost等映像软件的脚本进行Linux安装，因为这使我能够在各种类型的硬件上使用映像，并且通过脚本的调整，我可以在将来大大地自定义安装。 Microsoft WDS / RIS或Ghost不会让我有这样的灵活性。
以下是我在Fedora安装上使用的kickstart，用户友好的评论。
text install cdrom lang en_US.UTF-8 keyboard uk timezone --utc Europe/London rootpw --iscrypted $$nndedddewfooofcerd3r434 selinux --disabled # Custom user added user --name=kevinmitnick --groups=users --password=HackThePlanet authconfig --enableshadow --passalgo=sha512 --enablefingerprint firewall --service=ssh # The following is the partition information you requested # Note that any partitions you deleted are not expressed # here so unless you clear all partitions first, this is # not guaranteed to work clearpart --all --drives=sda ignoredisk --only-use=sda part /boot --fstype=ext2 --asprimary --size=500 part /OtherOS --fstype=ext4 --asprimary --size=10240 part swap --asprimary --size=2048 part pv.fedora1000 --grow --asprimary --size=500 volgroup fedora --pesize=32768 pv.fedora1000 logvol /centosVM --fstype=ext4 --name=centosVM --vgname=fedora --size=30720 logvol /home --fstype=ext4 --name=home --vgname=fedora --size=81920 logvol / --fstype=ext4 --name=root --vgname=fedora --size=25600 logvol /windowsVM --fstype=ext4 --name=windowsVM --vgname=fedora --size=40960 bootloader --location=mbr --driveorder=sda --append="nomodeset rhgb quiet" # setup the network with DHCP network --device=eth0 --bootproto=dhcp # packages that will be installed, anything starting with an @ sign is a yum package group. %packages @admin-tools @authoring-and-publishing @base @core @development-libs @development-tools @dial-up @editors @education @electronic-lab @engineering-and-scientific @eclipse @fedora-packager @fonts @gnome-desktop @gnome-software-development @graphical-internet @graphics @hardware-support @input-methods @java @java-development @kde-desktop @kde-software-development @legacy-fonts @office @online-docs @printing @sound-and-video @system-tools @text-internet @x-software-development @base-x kpackagekit system-config-network scribus xfsprogs mtools gpgme gpm rpmdevtools koji mercurial lua pylint rpmlint plague-client cmake mock bzr pptp kdeedu-marble minicom opencv yum-priorities plotutils openoffice.org-opensymbol-fonts qtcurve-gtk2 gvfs-obexftp glibmm24-devel gnome-vfs2-devel libsigc++20-devel libart_lgpl-devel kdepim konversation ImageMagick digikam kipi-plugins kdegraphics gypsy gpsd hdparm m17n-db-tamil m17n-db-gujarati m17n-db-kannada m17n-db-hindi gok m17n-db-oriya m17n-db-bengali m17n-contrib-sinhala m17n-db-assamese m17n-db-punjabi iok m17n-db-telugu m17n-db-malayalam xorg-x11-fonts-ISO8859-1-100dpi urw-fonts ghostscript-fonts kdepim vorbis-tools amarok jack-audio-connection-kit kaffeine kdemultimedia vbetool gssdp geoclue createrepo radeontool PackageKit-command-not-found obexftp enca festival ntpdate xsel gupnp rdesktop fuse ncftp mesa-libGLU-devel xorg-x11-apps xscreensaver-gl-extras gdm xscreensaver-extras xscreensaver-base xterm xorg-x11-resutils gitk git-gui dia tftp python-crypto boost-devel valgrind subversion cvs thunderbird-lightning python-sqlite2 asciidoc glibc-static tcllib python-psycopg* ssh* perl-ExtUtils-MakeMaker perl-Net-Telnet perl-HTML-FromText libICE.so.6 libSM.so.6 libXmu.so.6 libXp.so.6 libXpm.so.4 libXt.so.6 help2man cscope ctags git kernel-devel tftp-server texlive-latex texi2html cmake transfig alsa-lib libXScrnSaver qt qt-x11 libasound.so.2 libXss.so.1 libQtDBus.so.4 libQtGui.so.4 pulseaudio alsa-plugins-pulseaudio pulseaudio-esound-compat pulseaudio-libs pulseaudio-libs-glib2 pulseaudio-module-zeroconf pulseaudio-libs-zeroconf xmms-pulse pulseaudio-module-gconf wine-pulseaudio xine-lib-pulseaudio pulseaudio-utils pulseaudio-module-bluetooth padevchooser paman paprefs pavucontrol pavumeter ncurses-devel.i686 %end %post --log=/root/my-post-log exec < /dev/tty3 > /dev/tty3 chvt 3 echo echo "################################" echo "# Running Post Configuration #" echo "################################" # prevent future yum updates pulling down & install new kernels (and breaking VMware & video drivers). echo "exclude=kernel*" >> /etc/yum.conf # update the system yum update -y # install rpm fusion repo rpm -Uvh \ http://download1.rpmfusion.org/free/fedora/rpmfusion-free-release-stable.noarch.rpm \ http://download1.rpmfusion.org/nonfree/fedora/rpmfusion-nonfree-release-stable.noarch.rpm # disable rpmfusion repo, to prevent a yum update contaminating the system with rpmfusion rpms. sed -i 's/enabled=1/enabled=0/g' /etc/yum.repos.d/rpmfusion-* # install video drivers - enabling rpmfusion repos on the command line. yum -y --enablerepo=rpmfusion-nonfree --enablerepo=rpmfusion-free --enablerepo=rpmfusion-free-updates --enablerepo=rpmfusion-nonfree-updates install kmod-nvidia xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-libs.i686 xorg-x11-drv-nvidia-libs.x86_64 akmod-nvidia # start akmods on boot chkconfig akmods on # add pcadmin to sudoers echo "kevinmitnick ALL=(ALL) ALL" >> /etc/sudoers # set perms on vmware partitions so users in the users group can create vm's chown :users /windowsVM && chmod 775 /windowsVM chown :users /centosVM && chmod 775 /centosVM # Make sure the system boots X by setting the system to run level 5 sed -i 's/id:3:initdefault:/id:5:initdefault:/g' /etc/inittab # install openvpn & configure wget ftp://$host/pub/VPN/OpenVPN/Linux/openvpnclient-custom-settings-1.6-3.i386.rpm rpm -ivh openvpnclient-custom-settings-1.6-3.i386.rpm cd /etc/openvpn/ rm client.conf-* wget ftp://$host/pub/VPN/OpenVPN/Linux/64bit/client.conf-1 mv client.conf-1 client.conf-0 rm -f /openvpnclient-custom-settings-1.6-3.i386.rpm # add Kevin Mitnick to group users usermod -a -G users kevinmitnick # pull down vmware images cd /windowsVM/ wget --user=magicinstaller --password=hacktheplanet ftp://magicinstaller:fubar@ftp.$host.com/images/windowsVM.tar.gz tar -xvzf windowsVM.tar.gz cd /centosVM/ wget --user=magicinstaller --password=hacktheplanet ftp://magicinstaller:fubar@ftp.$host.com/images/centosVM.tar.gz tar -xvzf centosVM.tar.gz # create symlink as instructed cd /usr/lib; ln -s libtinfo.so libtermcap.so.2 # confirm perms are set correctly chown -R :users /windowsVM && chmod -R 775 /windowsVM chown -R :users /centosVM && chmod -R 775 /centosVM # swap to console 1 chvt 1
显然，这个kickstart文件中有一些选项需要被删除并添加到你的要求中，但是你应该能够感受到一个kickstart文件可以实现什么。 如果您想知道如何安装VMWare Player，我必须手动执行此操作，因为VMWare许可的内容（单击接受等）。
分享和评论可在下面...任何问题让我发表评论，我会尽快回复你。
