MySQL是一个开源的
关系数据库管理系统 。 MySQL是用于Linux的最流行的数据库服务器，它支持大量的平台。在MySQL中，我们可以很容易地创建存储过程和执行SQL查询。
本文将帮助您使用yum包管理器在CentOS，RHEL 7/6/5和Fedora 20/19/18安装MySQL。
第1步：添加MySQLYum库
首先，我们需要添加MySQL的yum软件库在我们的MySQL提供的系统。执行以下命令之一，根据您的操作系统版本。
For CentOS/RHEL 7
# rpm -Uvh http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el7-5.noarch.rpm
For CentOS/RHEL 6
# rpm -Uvh http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el6-5.noarch.rpm
For CentOS/RHEL 5
# rpm -Uvh http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-el5-5.noarch.rpm
For Fedora 20
# rpm -Uvh http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-fc20-5.noarch.rpm
For Fedora 19
# rpm -Uvh http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-fc19-5.noarch.rpm
For Fedora 18
# rpm -Uvh http://repo.mysql.com/mysql-community-release-fc18-5.noarch.rpm
第2步.安装MySQL
正如我们已经成功地将MySQL的yum软件库在我们的系统。我们开始安装MySQL。执行以下命令在系统上安装mysql服务器。这也将在系统中安装一些其他的依赖。
# yum install mysql-community-server
第3步：启动MySQL
从Linux终端下列命令启动MySQL服务器
For CentOS/RHEL 6/5
# service mysqld start
For CentOS/RHEL 7
# systemctl start mysqld
您可以检查MySQL服务器的状态，或者使用下面的命令，按您的操作系统版本停止MySQL服务器。
For CentOS/RHEL 6/5
# service mysqld status
# service mysqld stop
For CentOS/RHEL 7
# systemctl status mysqld
# systemctl stop mysqld
第4步：MySQL安装后设置
安装MySQL第一次后，执行命令
mysql_secure_installation确保MySQL服务器。 它会提示一些问题的，我们推荐是
（Y）每个。
# mysql_secure_installation
NOTE: RUNNING ALL PARTS OF THIS SCRIPT IS RECOMMENDED FOR ALL MySQL
SERVERS IN PRODUCTION USE! PLEASE READ EACH STEP CAREFULLY!
In order to log into MySQL to secure it, we'll need the current
password for the root user. If you've just installed MySQL, and
you haven't set the root password yet, the password will be blank,
so you should just press enter here.
Enter current password for root (enter for none):
OK, successfully used password, moving on...
Setting the root password ensures that nobody can log into the MySQL
root user without the proper authorisation.
You already have a root password set, so you can safely answer 'n'.
Change the root password? [Y/n] y
New password:
Re-enter new password:
Password updated successfully!
Reloading privilege tables..
... Success!
By default, a MySQL installation has an anonymous user, allowing anyone
to log into MySQL without having to have a user account created for
them. This is intended only for testing, and to make the installation
go a bit smoother. You should remove them before moving into a
production environment.
Remove anonymous users? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Normally, root should only be allowed to connect from 'localhost'. This
ensures that someone cannot guess at the root password from the network.
Disallow root login remotely? [Y/n] y
... Success!
By default, MySQL comes with a database named 'test' that anyone can
access. This is also intended only for testing, and should be removed
before moving into a production environment.
Remove test database and access to it? [Y/n] y
- Dropping test database...
... Success!
- Removing privileges on test database...
... Success!
Reloading the privilege tables will ensure that all changes made so far
will take effect immediately.
Reload privilege tables now? [Y/n] y
... Success!
Cleaning up...
All done! If you've completed all of the above steps, your MySQL
installation should now be secure.
Thanks for using MySQL!
第5步：启动和连接mysql
所有的初始设置后重启MySQL，使用以下命令。
For CentOS/RHEL 6/5
# service mysqld restart
For CentOS/RHEL 7
# systemctl restart mysqld
使用以下命令重新启动，并配置系统使服务为自动启动。
# chkconfig mysqld on
现在，使用下面的命令
连接MySQL数据库服务器的Linux Shell命令。它会提示输入密码进行验证。成功登录后，您将获得MySQL命令提示符，在这里我们可以执行SQL查询。
# mysql -u root -p
Enter password:
Welcome to the MySQL monitor. Commands end with ; or g.
Your MySQL connection id is 51
Server version: 5.5.34 MySQL Community Server (GPL) by Remi
Copyright (c) 2000, 2013, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
Oracle is a registered trademark of Oracle Corporation and/or its
affiliates. Other names may be trademarks of their respective
owners.
Type 'help;' or 'h' for help. Type 'c' to clear the current input statement.
mysql>
祝贺您！您已成功在您的系统上安装MySQL服务器。
