实战案例
查询2015年1月到12个月的所有实有人口数量和往年2014年1月到12个月的实有人口数量,没有的月份显示 人口数量为0.类似效果如图
创建表
create table PERSONSITUATION ( id NUMBER not null, rdate DATE, nums NUMBER )
插入数据
insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (1, to_date('26-01-2015', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 131); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (2, to_date('27-01-2013', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 232); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (3, to_date('18-10-2013', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 222); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (4, to_date('20-01-2015', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 232); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (5, to_date('28-01-2015', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 422); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (6, to_date('26-02-2015', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 232); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (7, to_date('29-01-2014', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 225); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (8, to_date('31-01-2015', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 111); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (9, to_date('25-01-2013', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 211); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (10, to_date('25-01-2013', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 251); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (11, to_date('25-01-2013', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 262); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (12, to_date('25-08-2015', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 233); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (13, to_date('25-01-2013', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 211); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (14, to_date('25-02-2014', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 222); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (15, to_date('25-03-2012', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 209); insert into PERSONSITUATION (id, rdate, nums) values (16, to_date('25-01-2012', 'dd-mm-yyyy'), 219);
常见的统计中如下Sql语句,只查询到了数据中有的月,如果没有就什么也没有显示,和明显不符合1-12个月的12条数据统计
select to_char(rdate,'yyyy-mm') rdate,sum(nums) nums from personsituation where to_char(rdate,'yyyy')='2015' group by to_char(rdate,'yyyy-mm') order by rdate
正确的分析是:必须是12条数据,而且是统计的结果的12条数据,从这里入手编写如下Sql语句,显示12个列的统计数据,先查询出一年的数据,然后再连接另外一条数据拼接
select sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'01',nums,0)) nums01,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'02',nums,0)) nums02, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'03',nums,0)) nums03,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'04',nums,0)) nums04, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'05',nums,0)) nums05,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'06',nums,0)) nums06, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'07',nums,0)) nums07,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'08',nums,0)) nums08, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'09',nums,0)) nums09,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'10',nums,0)) nums10, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'11',nums,0)) nums11,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'12',nums,0)) nums12 from personsituation where to_char(rdate,'yyyy')='2015'
而前端页面显示的结果有两种可能性,一种是横向展示,一种是纵向展示,可以使用下面的sql语句进行列转行的转换得到如下结果
select * from ( select sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'01',nums,0)) nums01,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'02',nums,0)) nums02, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'03',nums,0)) nums03,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'04',nums,0)) nums04, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'05',nums,0)) nums05,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'06',nums,0)) nums06, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'07',nums,0)) nums07,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'08',nums,0)) nums08, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'09',nums,0)) nums09,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'10',nums,0)) nums10, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'11',nums,0)) nums11,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'12',nums,0)) nums12 from personsituation where to_char(rdate,'yyyy')='2015' ) unpivot (sum2015 for years in (nums01,nums02,nums03,nums04,nums05,nums06,nums07,nums08,nums09,nums10,nums11,nums12) )
最后一步就是和往年的数据对比使用left join查询
select A.years,A.SUM2015,B.SUM2014 from (select * from ( select sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'01',nums,0)) nums01,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'02',nums,0)) nums02, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'03',nums,0)) nums03,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'04',nums,0)) nums04, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'05',nums,0)) nums05,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'06',nums,0)) nums06, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'07',nums,0)) nums07,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'08',nums,0)) nums08, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'09',nums,0)) nums09,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'10',nums,0)) nums10, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'11',nums,0)) nums11,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'12',nums,0)) nums12 from personsituation where to_char(rdate,'yyyy')='2015' ) unpivot (sum2015 for years in (nums01,nums02,nums03,nums04,nums05,nums06,nums07,nums08,nums09,nums10,nums11,nums12) )) A left join (select * from ( select sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'01',nums,0)) nums01,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'02',nums,0)) nums02, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'03',nums,0)) nums03,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'04',nums,0)) nums04, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'05',nums,0)) nums05,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'06',nums,0)) nums06, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'07',nums,0)) nums07,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'08',nums,0)) nums08, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'09',nums,0)) nums09,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'10',nums,0)) nums10, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'11',nums,0)) nums11,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'12',nums,0)) nums12 from personsituation where to_char(rdate,'yyyy')='2014' ) unpivot (sum2014 for years in (nums01,nums02,nums03,nums04,nums05,nums06,nums07,nums08,nums09,nums10,nums11,nums12) )) B on A.years = B.years
实现与效果图一样的数据,可以将sql中的nums01...nums12改为1月...12月
select A.years,A.SUM1,B.SUM2 from (select * from ( select sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'01',nums,0)) 一月,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'02',nums,0)) 二月, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'03',nums,0)) 三月,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'04',nums,0)) 四月, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'05',nums,0)) 五月,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'06',nums,0)) 六月, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'07',nums,0)) 七月,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'08',nums,0)) 八月, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'09',nums,0)) 九月,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'10',nums,0)) 十月, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'11',nums,0)) 十一月,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'12',nums,0)) 十二月 from personsituation where to_char(rdate,'yyyy')= '2015' ) unpivot (sum1 for years in (一月,二月,三月,四月,五月,六月,七月,八月, 九月,十月,十一月,十二月) )) A left join (select * from ( select sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'01',nums,0)) 一月,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'02',nums,0)) 二月, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'03',nums,0)) 三月,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'04',nums,0)) 四月, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'05',nums,0)) 五月,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'06',nums,0)) 六月, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'07',nums,0)) 七月,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'08',nums,0)) 八月, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'09',nums,0)) 九月,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'10',nums,0)) 十月, sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'11',nums,0)) 十一月,sum(decode(to_char(rdate,'mm'),'12',nums,0)) 十二月 from personsituation where to_char(rdate,'yyyy')= '2014' ) unpivot (sum2 for years in (一月,二月,三月,四月,五月,六月,七月,八月, 九月,十月,十一月,十二月) )) B on A.years = B.years
以上内容是自己学习oracle时候总结的,一定有简单办法可以做到同样的效果,只是我学的很基础,所以,如果有大牛们看到,还请希望在留言板留言,我及时更新文章内容,谢谢!
相关阅读:行转列pivot 、列转行unpivot 的Sql语句总结